These losses virtually destroyed traditional tribal government on the reservations. As a result of the Dawes Act, Native American lands totaling 138 million acres in 1887 had fallen to 48 million acres by 1934. The Dawes Act also opened up surplus lands to non –American Indians. Of 1887, known as the "Dawes Act," which broke up tribal lands and allotted them to individual members of tribes traditionally the tribes held the land on reservations in a communal capacity. The act replaced the Indian General Allotment Act 73-383), in many respects it intended to allow Native Americans to resurrect their culture and traditions lost to government expansion and encroachment years earlier. When Congress adopted the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 (P.L.
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